WAEC Agricultural Science 1994 past questions

Checked by the Skolra question team · Last updated 23 October 2026

Ten questions from the 1994 WAEC Agricultural Science paper, with answers and explanations. We hold 49 questions from this paper, and the Skolra app has all of them.

WAEC Agricultural Science 1994 questions and answers

1.Which of the following is the reason for smoking fish?
1. A
  To increase the weight of the fish so it sells for more
2. B
  To improve the colour of the fish for display in the market
3. C
  To soften the flesh of the fish so it can be eaten without cooking
4. D
  To preserve the fish by reducing its moisture content and checking bacterial action
  Correct
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Answer: D
Smoking is a method of fish preservation. When fish is exposed to heat and smoke, moisture is driven out of the flesh, the skin becomes dry and firm, and the heat plus the chemical compounds in the smoke (such as phenols) check the growth of the bacteria and moulds that cause spoilage. This is why smoked fish can be kept and transported for weeks without rotting, unlike fresh fish which spoils within a day or two.
2.Which of the following factors may be considered in adopting a particular method of irrigation?
1. A
  Method of weed control adopted on the farm
2. B
  Topography (slope) of the land to be irrigated
  Correct
3. C
  Price of farm produce in the market
4. D
  Time of planting the crop
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Answer: B
Topography (slope) of the land is correct. The lay of the land determines how water will move and spread across the farm, so it directly decides which irrigation method will work.
3.The assistance given to farmers by government in form of a reduction in price is generally referred to as
1. A
  Grant-in-aid
2. B
  Loan
3. C
  Levy
4. D
  Subsidy
  Correct
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Answer: D
Subsidy is the correct term. A subsidy is government assistance that lowers the price of an input or produce below its normal market price — for example, government selling fertilizer, improved seeds or farm machinery to farmers at a reduced price (or paying part of the cost on their behalf) so that farming becomes cheaper and more farmers can afford to produce.
4.Which of the following statement on ration is not correct?
1. A
  A maintenance ration supplies extra nutrients that enable the animal to grow and produce milk or eggs
  Correct
2. B
  A balanced ration contains all the nutrients required by the animal in their correct proportions
3. C
  A ration may be made up of a combination of two or more feed ingredients mixed together
4. D
  A ration is the total quantity of feed given to an animal in a 24-hour period
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Answer: A
A ration is simply the total amount of feed given to an animal in twenty-four hours, and it can be made up of one or several feed ingredients mixed together. When such a ration supplies every nutrient the animal needs in the right proportion, it is called a balanced ration. These two ideas are correct and well established in livestock feeding.
So saying that a maintenance ration supplies extra nutrients for growth and milk or egg production mixes up maintenance ration with production ration — that is the statement that is not correct, which is exactly what the question is asking for.
5.Natural immunity against diseases is conferred on the newly born animal through
1. A
  Colostrum, the first milk produced by the mother
  Correct
2. B
  Vaccination given shortly after birth
3. C
  Genetic inheritance from both parents
4. D
  Antibiotics administered by the veterinarian
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Answer: A
Colostrum, the first milk produced by the mother, is correct. In farm animals, especially ruminants like calves, lambs and kids, the placenta does not allow antibodies to pass from the mother's blood to the foetus before birth. So the newborn animal is born with almost no antibodies of its own.
6.Which of the following crop is tolerant to both poor and rich friable soils?
1. A
  Cassava
  Correct
2. B
  Yam
3. C
  Maize
4. D
  Guinea corn
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Answer: A
Cassava is correct. Cassava is well known in Nigerian agriculture for being highly adaptable: it performs well on poor, low-fertility, sandy soils where many other staples would fail, yet it also thrives and gives even better yields on rich, friable soils when they are available. This wide tolerance is exactly why it is grown across almost every agro-ecological zone in Nigeria and is treated as a reliable food-security crop.
7.Which of the following is not a problem of agricultural development?
1. A
  High cost of farm inputs
2. B
  Poor storage facilities for farm produce
3. C
  Provision of extension services to farmers
  Correct
4. D
  The land tenure system
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Answer: C
Provision of extension services to farmers is the correct answer because it is a solution that promotes agricultural development, not a problem. Extension services bring improved farming knowledge, new techniques and advice directly to farmers, which helps boost production and efficiency.
The other options are all genuine, well known problems of agricultural development in Nigeria:
Poor storage facilities for farm produce lead to heavy post-harvest losses because farmers cannot keep produce fresh or safe until it is needed.
8.All the following are components of balance diet except
1. A
  Vitamins
2. B
  Hormones
  Correct
3. C
  Proteins
4. D
  Carbohydrates
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Answer: B
A balanced diet is a meal that contains the right proportions of all the nutrients the body needs: carbohydrates, proteins, fats and oils, vitamins, mineral salts, water and roughage.
Carbohydrates supply energy, proteins are needed for body building and repair, and vitamins protect the body and regulate body processes. These three are all recognised nutrient classes that must be present in a balanced diet.
9.The response of crops to day-length is referred to as
1. A
  Photoperiodism
  Correct
2. B
  Vernalization
3. C
  Phototropism
4. D
  Photosynthesis
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Answer: A
Photoperiodism is the correct term. It is the response of a crop plant to the relative length of day and night (day-length), which controls processes such as flowering, seed germination and dormancy. Based on this response, crops are classified as short-day plants, long-day plants or day-neutral plants.
Why the other options are tempting but wrong:
Vernalization is the response of a plant to a period of low temperature (cold/chilling) that is needed before it will flower — this is a response to temperature, not to day-length, so students often mix it up with photoperiodism.
10.The stages of life cycle of locust are
1. A
  Egg, caterpillar, cocoon and adult
2. B
  Egg, larva, pupa and adult
3. C
  Egg, nymph and adult
  Correct
4. D
  Egg, nymph, pupa and adult
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Answer: C
The locust is an insect pest that undergoes incomplete metamorphosis (also called paurometamorphosis). This means it passes through only three stages: the egg, the nymph (a wingless, smaller version of the adult, also called a hopper), and the adult. The nymph simply grows and moults several times until it develops wings and becomes a sexually mature adult — there is no resting or pupal stage.

The questions come from past JAMB, WAEC and NECO papers. We use software to help write the answer options and explanations, and every answer is checked twice before it goes on the site. How we check

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WAEC Agricultural Science 1994 past questions

WAEC Agricultural Science 1994 questions and answers

Practise all 49 questions we hold from the 1994 paper, on a timed CBT screen

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