JAMB Geography past questions and answers

Checked by the Skolra question team · Last updated 23 October 2026

JAMB Geography: 225 past questions from 3 papers between 2023 and 2025, each with the answer and an explanation. In the UTME you answer 40 Geography questions, with Use of English and two other subjects, in 2 hours. Here are ten.

1. 1.

   Which of the following is a major environmental problem in heavily industrialized regions?

   1. A
      Desertification of surrounding farmland
   2. B
      Air pollution from factory emissions
      Correct
   3. C
      Soil erosion from overgrazing
   4. D
      Deforestation for logging
   Show answerHide answer

   Answer: B

   Air pollution from factory emissions is correct. Heavily industrialized regions have many factories, power plants and refineries that burn fossil fuels and release smoke, soot and harmful gases such as sulphur dioxide and carbon monoxide into the atmosphere. This build-up of pollutants is the direct, textbook environmental problem linked to industrial concentration, and it can lead to smog and acid rain.

2. 2.

   A geyser is best described as/an

   1. A
      an underground water reservoir
   2. B
      a dormant volcano
   3. C
      a natural spring that shoots hot water and steam periodically
      Correct
   4. D
      a type of hot spring with constant flow
   Show answerHide answer

   Answer: C

   A geyser is a geothermal feature that periodically erupts with a column of hot water and steam, found in geothermally active areas like Iceland and Yellowstone.

3. 3.

   Which activity requires the following? I. Large area of land usually in thousands of hectares II. Availability of water either in the form of rain or irrigation III. High capital outlay

   1. A
      mining
   2. B
      forestry
   3. C
      urban development
   4. D
      agriculture (particularly large-scale irrigation or ranching)
      Correct
   Show answerHide answer

   Answer: D

   Large-scale agriculture, irrigation schemes, and livestock ranching require vast land areas, reliable water supply, and substantial capital investment in equipment and infrastructure.

4. 4.

   One of the features of wind deposition is

   1. A
      Formation of sand dunes
      Correct
   2. B
      Development of gorges
   3. C
      Creation of waterfalls
   4. D
      Formation of deep valleys
   Show answerHide answer

   Answer: A

   The formation of sand dunes option is a key feature of wind deposition. Wind carries and deposits sand particles, creating characteristic landforms like dunes, loess deposits, and sandy plains.

5. 5.

   Jos plateau is an example of a

   1. A
      Block mountain / horst
      Correct
   2. B
      Fold mountain
   3. C
      Volcanic mountain
   4. D
      Erosion mountain
   Show answerHide answer

   Answer: A

   The block mountain option is correct. Jos Plateau in Nigeria is a horst or block mountain formed by parallel faulting, with the plateau surface elevated relative to surrounding areas.

6. 6.

   An example fossil fuel is

   1. A
      Bauxite
   2. B
      Solar energy
   3. C
      Timber
   4. D
      Coal
      Correct
   Show answerHide answer

   Answer: D

   Fossil fuels are energy sources formed over millions of years from the buried, compressed and heated remains of dead plants and animals. The three main fossil fuels are coal, petroleum (crude oil) and natural gas.

   Coal is correct because it formed from ancient plant material that was buried and compressed over long geological periods, exactly the process that defines a fossil fuel.

7. 7.

   The largest ocean in the world is the

   1. A
      Atlantic Ocean
   2. B
      Indian Ocean
   3. C
      Arctic Ocean
   4. D
      Pacific Ocean
      Correct
   Show answerHide answer

   Answer: D

   The Pacific Ocean option is the largest, covering approximately 165 million square kilometers, representing about 46% of the world's water surface and 32% of Earth's total surface.

8. 8.

   The angular distance of a point on the Earth's surface measured in degrees from the centre of the Earth east or west of the Greenwich Meridian is known as

   1. A
      altitude
   2. B
      latitude
   3. C
      declination
   4. D
      longitude
      Correct
   Show answerHide answer

   Answer: D

   Longitude is defined as angular distance measured east or west from the Prime Meridian (Greenwich Meridian) at 0 degrees, ranging from 0 to 180 degrees in each direction.

9. 9.

   The location of iron and steel industry at Ajakuta in Nigeria is best explained by the presence of (1) iron ore at Itakpe (11) limestone at Ewekoro (III) river port at Lokoja (IV) coal at Orukpa and Okaba

   1. A
      I, II, and III only
   2. B
      III and IV only
   3. C
      All factors contribute equally
      Correct
   4. D
      I and II only
   Show answerHide answer

   Answer: C

   The Ajaokuta steel complex's location is justified by proximity to iron ore, limestone for flux, coal for energy, and river transport at Lokoja, combining all necessary industrial inputs.

10. 10.

    The world's greatest gold producer is

    1. A
       China
       Correct
    2. B
       South Africa
    3. C
       Australia
    4. D
       United States
    Show answerHide answer

    Answer: A

    The China option is correct. China is currently the world's leading gold producer, followed by Australia and Russia. South Africa was historically the largest but production has declined significantly.

The questions come from past JAMB, WAEC and NECO papers. We use software to help write the answer options and explanations, and every answer is checked twice before it goes on the site. How we check

Spotted a wrong answer? Tell us from the app or on the contact page and we check it.

Sit a full timed 40-question JAMB Geography test in the Skolra app

All 225 JAMB Geography questions we hold are in the app, each with the answer and an explanation. Practise by year, or sit a full JAMB mock exam.

Download for WindowsDownload for Mac

About the app · Skolra for Windows · Skolra for Mac